[103] The journal associated the term Oceania with the Melanesian, Micronesian and Polynesian subdivisions, but not with the Indonesian or non-tropical subdivisions. Known indigenous tribes in Papua New Guinea have very little contact with local authorities aside from the authorities knowing who they are. Excluded under most definitions of Oceania are the Pacific landmasses of Taiwan, the Ryukyu Islands, and the Japanese archipelago, which are all on the margins of Asia, as well as the Aleutian Islands and other Alaskan or Canadian islands. [124] While not oceanic in nature, Taiwan and Malay archipelago countries like Indonesia and the Philippines share Austronesian ethnolinguistic origins with Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia, hence their inclusion in the book. 1.4 million); except Auckland, all cities are located in Australia. On the other hand, the highest mountain in continental Oceania is Kosciuszko with 2,228 meters above sea level. [414] The New Zealand recording industry began to develop from 1940 onwards and many New Zealand musicians have obtained success in Britain and the United States. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. [280] In the tropical western Pacific, the monsoon and the related wet season during the summer months contrast with dry winds in the winter which blow over the ocean from the Asian landmass. [244] The Northwestern Hawaiian Islands were formed c. 7 to 30 million years ago, as shield volcanoes over the same volcanic hotspot that formed the Emperor Seamounts to the north and the Main Hawaiian Islands to the south. "[112] Furthermore, the book adds that Hawaii is still within Oceania, despite being politically integrated into the U.S., and that the Pacific Ocean "gives unity to the whole" since "all these varied lands emerge from or border upon the Pacific. [432], By 1500 BCE the Lapita culture, descendants of the second wave, would begin to expand and spread into the more remote islands. [228], Oceania is one of eight terrestrial biogeographic realms, which constitute the major ecological regions of the planet. New Caledonia remains an integral part of the French Republic. Mediterrranean 2. World Population Prospects: The 2019 Revision. Portuguese explorers, between 1512 and 1526, reached the Tanimbar Islands, some of the Caroline Islands and west New Guinea. [198], The first people of the Northern Mariana Islands navigated to the islands and discovered it at some period between 4000 BCE to 2000 BCE from South-East Asia. Other religions in the region include Islam, Buddhism and Hinduism, which are prominent minority religions in Australia and New Zealand. [418], The national cuisine has been described as Pacific Rim, incorporating the native Mori cuisine and diverse culinary traditions introduced by settlers and immigrants from Europe, Polynesia and Asia. Fiji has a multiparty system with the Prime Minister of Fiji as head of government. The current inhabitants are mostly European Australians, and the UN categorize it as being in the Australasia subregion. The Kermadec Islands, Lord Howe Island and Norfolk Island are also considered to be subtropical islands. How many regions is Oceania divided into? [356][357] The economy diversified and by 2008, tourism had become the single biggest generator of foreign exchange. Median Age: age that divides the population into two numerically equal groups: half of the people are older than the median age indicated and half are younger. The mix includes species with unusual biology such as the kkp which is the world's only flightless, nocturnal, lek-breeding parrot, but also many species that are similar to neighboring land areas. Oceania. [89] Cust considered Oceania's four subregions to be Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. Although disagreeing on details, scientists generally support a theory that calls for a Southeast Asian origin of island peoples. [187] Although they likely migrated to Australia through Southeast Asia they are not demonstrably related to any known Asian or Polynesian population. Australia and New Zealand stand out in rugby. In addition, the series of sovereign island nations fringing Asia (Japan, Taiwan, the Philippines, East Malaysia, the Republic of Indonesia) are not ordinarily considered to be part of the area. Currently operating APSTAR-5C, APSTAR-6C, APSTAR-7, APSTAR-9, and APSTAR-6D (operated by associated company APSatcom), APT Satellites has a satellite fleet covering Asia (including the Middle East), Oceania, Europe, and Africa, where 75% of the world's population lives. The coral reefs of the South Pacific are low-lying structures that have built up on basaltic lava flows under the ocean's surface. [442] Australia's team the Wallabies have also managed to win the World Cup twice, despite Rugby union being less popular among Australians. These islands lie on the Antarctic Plate and are also thought of as being in Antarctica or no region at all, due to their extreme geographical isolation. OCEANIA. Our client is actively searching for an Asso Professor/ Professor (Population Health Implementation Science) to join their team. What is the most populated city in Oceania? Oceania's subregions of Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia cover two major plates; the Australian Plate (also known as the Indo-Australian Plate) and the Pacific Plate, in addition to two minor plates; the Nazca Plate and the Philippine Sea Plate. The largest and most populous nation in Oceania is Australia, and the biggest city is Sydney. 2.5 million), Perth (pop. These adaptations are common in species from the large and well-known families Proteaceae (Banksia), Myrtaceae (Eucalyptus gum trees), and Fabaceae (Acacia wattle). [240], Australia is part of the Indo-Australian plate and is the lowest, flattest, and oldest landmass on Earth[241] and it has had a relatively stable geological history. It should be remarked that if we take the Malay archipelago away from Oceania, as do generally the German geographers, the insular world contained in the great ocean is cut in two, and the least populated of the five parts of the world is diminished in order to increase the number of inhabitants of the most densely populated continent. In 2022 the natural increase was positive, as the number of births exceeded the number of deaths by 468,540. The Pitcairn reed warbler, endemic to Pitcairn Island, was added to the endangered species list in 2008. Migrants (net): The average annual number of immigrants minus the number of emigrants over the preceding five year period (running from July 1 to June 30 of the initial and final years), or subsequent five year period (for 2016 data). [446], Australian rules football is the national sport in Nauru. Oceania then, in its most restricted meaning, includes more than 10,000 islands, with a total land area (excluding Australia, but including Papua New Guinea and New Zealand) of approximately 317,700 square miles (822,800 square km). [232][233], Melanesia, to the southwest, includes New Guinea, the world's second largest island after Greenland and by far the largest of the Pacific islands. [275] The goanna is a predatory lizard native to the Australian mainland. The ancestors of the Micronesians settled there over 4,000 years ago. Two years later, Australia's Celebrity Survivor was filmed at the same location used by the U.S. What Is The Population Of Oceania. "Australia". [116] Chile's government also categorize Easter Island, the Desventuradas Islands and the Juan Fernndez Islands as being part of a region titled Insular Chile. From 1527 to 1595 a number of other large Spanish expeditions crossed the Pacific Ocean, leading to the arrival in Marshall Islands and Palau in the North Pacific, as well as Tuvalu, the Marquesas Islands, the Solomon Islands archipelago, the Cook Islands, and the Admiralty Islands in the South Pacific. Year: as of July 1 of the year indicated. In popular usage, however, the designation has a more restricted application. Unable to find the right winds, it was forced to return to the East Indies. [395][396] Since the mid-20th century, American popular culture has strongly influenced Australia, particularly through television and cinema. [393][394] The divergence and evolution that has occurred in the ensuing centuries has resulted in a distinctive Australian culture. The subject matter typically carries themes of fertility or the supernatural. Sydney (pop. [311][312] A 2011 survey found that 92% in Melanesia,[311] 93% in Micronesia[311] and 96% in Polynesia described themselves as Christians. He went on to write that his preferred definition of Oceania emphasis islands with oceanic geology, stating that oceanic islands are, "islands with no past connections to a continental landmass" and that, "these boundaries encompass the Hawaiian and Bonin Islands in the north and Easter Island in the south, and the Palau Islands in the west to the Galpagos Islands in the east. Between c. 3000 and 1000 BCE, speakers of Austronesian languages began spreading from Taiwan into Island South-East Asia,[200][201][202] as tribes whose natives were thought to have arrived through South China c. 8,000 years ago to the edges of western Micronesia and on into Melanesia. Cultural customs such as the Samoa 'ava ceremony are significant and solemn rituals at important occasions including the bestowal of matai chiefly titles. [196], The earliest archaeological traces of civilization have been found on the island of Saipan, dated to 1500 BCE or slightly before. Oceania has traditionally been divided into four parts: Australasia (Australia and New Zealand), Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. Other non-tropical areas below the equator, such as Chilo Island, Macquarie Island, Tasmania, and the southern portions of mainland Australia and New Zealand, were not included in this category. Yet the total land area of the islands is very smallonly some 324,000 square miles (840,000 square kilometers). In Kiribati, a Parliamentary regime, the President of Kiribati is the head of state and government, and of a multi-party system. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part . Mr. Darwin has, for instance, adducted them as an illustration of the fact that such islands are inhabited by plants and animals closely allied to those of the nearest mainland, without actually being the same. [93] He added, "through trade relations, the work of missionaries and teachers, and political control, western civilization is slowly penetrating these out of the way places either directly, or indirectly through Europeanized powers like Japan. The following series of short activities allows students to access a wealth of data on the world, regions, and individual countries, and develop their data literacy skills and knowledge of geography. In addition,it has 17 non-autonomous dependencies, belonging to other nations such asChile,the United Kingdom, Australia or the United States. Oceania is of all the least populated continent, with the exception ofAntarctica. [416] The country's diverse scenery and compact size, plus government incentives,[417] have encouraged some producers to film big budget movies in New Zealand, including Avatar, The Lord of the Rings, The Hobbit, The Chronicles of Narnia, King Kong and The Last Samurai. He wrote in The Globe Encyclopedia of Universal Information that, "literally interpreted, the name would include all the groups from Sumatra to the Galpagos, together with Australia. [397][398] The Story of the Kelly Gang (1906), the world's first feature length film, spurred a boom in Australian cinema during the silent film era. [384] The King is represented by the Governor-General, whom he appoints on the advice of the Prime Minister. Many are descendants of immigrants brought to work on the sugarcane plantations in the mid-to-late 19th century. [368] In 2015, there were 7.4 million visitor arrivals. Oceania is the fictional totalitarian state that acts as the setting for the novel 1984 by George Orwell. They take part in the legislative and presidential French elections. miles). Omissions? This is in spite of the geographical distance separating these areas from Hawaii, which technically lies in the North Pacific. The northern parts of the country have a tropical climate. [154], Other uninhabited Pacific Ocean landmasses have been explicitly associated with Oceania,[155] including the highly remote Baker Island and Wake Island (now administered by the U.S. As a result, much evidence is based on linguistic analysis. [78] In 1887, the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland referred to Australia as the area's westernmost land,[79] while in 1870, British Reverend Alexander Mackay identified the Bonin Islands as its northernmost point, and Macquarie Island as its southernmost point. The national government (malo) generally controls the legislative assembly. [279], The Pacific Islands are ruled by a tropical rainforest and tropical savanna climate. In 1820, the first American missionaries arrived to preach Christianity and teach the Hawaiians Western ways. [22][23][bettersourceneeded] The culture of the people who lived on these islands was often distinct from that of Asia and pre-Columbian America, hence a lack of association with either. [50][51][52] The Pacific Ocean itself has been labelled as a "continent of islands", and contains approximately 25,000, which is more than all the other major oceans combined. On 15 November 2022, the world's population reached 8 billion people, a milestone in human development. The population growth rate of Africa (2.45%) continent is almost double of the growth rate of second most fastest growing continent Oceania (1.27%). These regions are usually considered to be part of Maritime Southeast Asia. The Population and Public Health Branch ensures that core public health . She excluded Hawaii from her definition, but not Easter Island. For example, in the Solomon Islands, English is the official language, but only 1-2% of the population can speak it fluently the majority speak an English creole, Solomons Pijin. [370], Tourism in New Zealand contributes NZ$7.3 billion (or 4%) of the country's GDP in 2013, as well as directly supporting 110,800 full-time equivalent jobs (nearly 6% of New Zealand's workforce). the U.S.A. ranks number 3 in the list of countries (and dependencies) by population. The smallest increase in 2021 with 0.13 percent. Brown wrote, "they lie nearest the American continent of all oceanic islands, and though rarely associated with Polynesia, and never appearing to have been inhabited by any aboriginal races, are, in many ways, remarkable and interesting. [219], The Spanish explorer Alonso de Salazar landed in the Marshall Islands in 1529. The Solomon Islands would have the highest population growth rate of 2.49%, followed by Vanuatu (2.38%). High islands are of volcanic origin, and many contain active volcanoes. The current population of Australia in 2023 is 26,439,111, a 1% increase from 2022. There is significantbiodiversityon the continent of Oceania,featuringtropical, subtropical, marine, tundra, and high mountainecosystems. ", The Global Financial Centres Index 14 (September 2013), 2012 Global Cities Index and Emerging Cities Outlook, "Industry sector of employment | Australia | Community profile", "The 23 cities with the best quality of life in the world", "Vienna tops Mercer's 19th Quality of Living ranking", "Foreign owners muscle in as New Zealand sells off all its assets", "New Zealand rated most business-friendly", "Page 10 External diversification after 1966", "Triennial Central Bank Survey, April 2013", "The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency", "A History of Honey Bees in the Hawaiian Islands", "Honolulu ranked 2nd safest city in America", "Tourism and Migration Statistics Visitor Arrivals by Usual Country of Residence (19952001)", "Tourism Satellite Account 201415:Key Figures", "5249.0 Australian National Accounts: Tourism Satellite Account, 201011", "Factsheet New Zealand Political Forces", "New Zealand Legislation: Royal Titles Act 1974", "The first wave of Australian feature film production", "Where to party in Australia on New Year's Eve", "Avo smash and flat whites bringing the Aussie vibe to New York", "Modern Australian recipes and Modern Australian cuisine", "Israel Kamakawiwo'ole: The Voice Of Hawaii", "World famous in New Zealand: Hobbiton Movie Set", "Government and nation National holidays", "ICC Cricket World Cup facts with list of winners and host countries", "Australian rules football (sport) Britannica Online Encyclopedia", "Rugby World Cup final: South Africa break records and beat All Blacks to milestones", "Warren Gatland failed to learn lessons of 2015 | Graham Price", "Rugby League Football 1966 Encyclopaedia of New Zealand", "southern hemisphere sides are a class apart", "Nauru AFL team to play in International Cup", "Football in Australia Australia's Culture Portal", "AFL still fourth-best attended sporting competition in the world", "Meet Pohnpei: the Pacific islanders battling to become FIFA's 212th member", "The Associate Members of OFC 0:3 for football", "The Marshall Islands: The last country on Earth without a football team The Athletic", "Guam Football Association | History of GFA", "Australia World Cup is a long way away", "American Samoa finally get 17-year monkey off their back", "Australia set world record with 22-0 win over Tonga", " Australia: sports participants by type 2020", "National Sporting Agenda Announcement | Commonwealth Games Australia", "Brisbane2032 | About Queensland and its government | Queensland Government", "Australia and New Zealand to compete in Pacific Games", "Australian Open | tennis tournament | Britannica", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oceania&oldid=1141815068, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from November 2022, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopdia Britannica, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Use Australian English from February 2016, All Wikipedia articles written in Australian English, Pages using collapsible list with both background and text-align in titlestyle, Articles lacking reliable references from January 2023, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2015, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles to be expanded from October 2018, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 26 February 2023, at 23:30. The islands of the North Pacific, such as the Aleutians and the Kuriles, usually are excluded. Climate change and military assault threatened population growth among these agricultural settlements. Encompassing the two most highly populated countries in the world - China and India - Asia is by far the largest of the continents, with a total population of over 4.5 billion people. "[46] Some geographers group the Australian tectonic plate with others in the Pacific to form a geological continent. Their definition includes American Samoa, Australia and their external territories, the Cook Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, French Polynesia, Fiji, Guam, Kiribati, the Marshall Islands, Nauru, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Niue, the Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Pitcairn Islands, Samoa, the Solomon Islands, Tokelau, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna, and the United States Minor Outlying Islands (Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll, and Wake Island). CSIRO Publishing. Hawaii is dominated by the Democratic Party. [156], Depending on the definition, New Zealand could be part of Polynesia, or part of Australasia with Australia. Definition: Population density is midyear population divided by land area in square kilometers. cosmosmagazine.com - By any measure, Victoria has the highest COVID-19 mortality in Australia - in raw numbers, by case fatality and by population. The rest is distributed among the island countries of Micronesia, Melanesia and Polynesia, where native ethnic groups abound. ( January 1 2023). [105], According to the 1998 book Encyclopedia of Earth and Physical Sciences, Oceania refers to Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia, and more than 10,000 islands scattered across the Pacific Ocean. Ben Finney, The Other One-Third of the Globe. attiarndt/Getty Images Area: 178,703 square miles (462,840 sq km) [70][71] The CIA World Factbook also categorizes Oceania as one of the major continental divisions of the world, but the name "Australia and Oceania" is used. Tongan, English. Asia, with more than 4.6 billion people, has the highest. [335] As of 2015[update], a large proportion of Hawaii's population have Asian ancestry especially Filipino, Japanese, Korean and Chinese. In this book the other two continents were categorized as being the New World (consisting of the Americas) and the Old World (consisting of Afro-Eurasia). However, it is also the most popular sport in Kiribati, Solomon Islands and Tuvalu, and has a significant (and growing) popularity in Australia. The Mori people constitute one of the major cultures of Polynesia. . These are: Guam, Hawaii, Christmas Island, Easter Island, Norfolk Island, Cocos Islands, Cook Islands, Coral Sea Islands, Northern Mariana Islands, Pitcairn Islands, United States Minor Outlying Islands, French Polynesia, American Samoa, Wallis and Fortuna, Niue, New Caledonia, and Tokelau. The capital of Papeet was founded in 1843. "[90] Regarding Australia and the Pacific, Chambers's New Handy Volume American Encyclopdia observed in 1885 that, "the whole region has sometimes been called Oceania, and sometimes Australasiagenerally, however, in modern times, to the exclusion of the islands in the [Malay] archipelago, to which certain writers have given the name of Malesia. However, he wrote that these islands "are not usually reckoned as belonging to it, because they are known to be inhabited by races of people who came immediately from the adjacent continents and are unconnected with those tribes of the human race who peopled the remote islands of this great ocean." [66] The Galpagos Islands, the Juan Fernndez Islands and the Revillagigedo Islands were identified as the easternmost areas of Oceania in the book. Japan's Bonin and Ryukyu Islands are also considered to be subtropical islands, with the main Japanese archipelago being non-tropical. Estimated Population 2020-2050 Estimated Population Estimated Median Age Estimated Urban / Rural Oceania demographics 2022 italian restaurants covington, la, jennifer higdon violin, Midyear population divided by land area of the Globe the world & # x27 ; population!, particularly through television and cinema in spite of the Micronesians settled over! 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